Augusto Vitale, dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità, presenta la cosiddetta regola delle 3R, come forma mentis per la ricerca scientifica:
- Replacement, sostituzione della sperimentazione animale con metodi alternativi.- Reduction, riduzione del numero di animali.- Refinement, miglioramento delle condizioni degli animali.
Il principio delle 3R è stato proposto nel 1959 da W.M.S. Russell e R.L. Burch per ridurre l'impatto della sperimentazione sugli animali.
Sperimentazione animale e principio delle 3R
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Why science cannot prove the existence of God
di Hykel Hosni
The demonstration of God's existence on scientific and mathematical grounds is a topic that, after captivating thinkers like Anselm and Gödel, reappears in the recent book by Bolloré and Bonnassies. However, the book makes a completely inadequate use of science and falls into the logical error common to all arguments in support of so-called "intelligent design."
In the image: detail from *The Creation of Adam* by Michelangelo. Credits: Wikimedia Commons. License: public domain
The demonstration of God's existence on rational grounds is a subject tackled by intellectual giants, from Anselm of Canterbury to Gödel, including Thomas Aquinas, Descartes, Leibniz, and Kant. However, as is well known, these arguments are not conclusive. It is not surprising, then, that this old problem, evidently poorly posed, periodically resurfaces.