Augusto Vitale, dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità, presenta la cosiddetta regola delle 3R, come forma mentis per la ricerca scientifica:
- Replacement, sostituzione della sperimentazione animale con metodi alternativi.- Reduction, riduzione del numero di animali.- Refinement, miglioramento delle condizioni degli animali.
Il principio delle 3R è stato proposto nel 1959 da W.M.S. Russell e R.L. Burch per ridurre l'impatto della sperimentazione sugli animali.
Sperimentazione animale e principio delle 3R
prossimo articolo
University Admissions and Talent in China: What Can Italy Learn?
Every year, millions of Chinese students take the Gaokao, an extremely tough exam that can change the course of a life. But what can this system teach us? Between intense pressure and paths to excellence, it offers a chance to reflect on the idea of merit in Italy as well.
Each year, over 12 million Chinese students sit for the Gaokao (高考), one of the most difficult and decisive university entrance exams in the world. This three-day test includes Chinese, Mathematics, English, and one elective subject from either the sciences or humanities. The maximum score varies by province, typically between 750 and 900, with the admission threshold for top universities exceeding 680–700 points. On average, fewer than 2% of students manage to get into elite institutions such as Peking University or Tsinghua University.
